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Jamni River

Jamni River in Madhya Pradesh forms an important network of rivers and is also one of the vital tributaries of River Betwa that finally goes on to meet the River Yamuna, thereby forming a part of the sub basin of Yamuna. Near the Orchha town, Madhya Pradesh, Jamni meets Betwa. This river traces its origin in the Sagar district, Madhya Pradesh and covers a distance of 201 km. The regions covered by this river are Sagar & Tikamgarh within Madhya Pradesh, while in Uttar Pradesh, this river covers the Lalitpur district.

Taking the natural course, the river travels from south to north, staying almost 258 m above sea level. In Madhya Pradesh, this river covers apparently a smaller area of 29 km with a catchment space of 1235 sq km. The remaining 85 km of the river forms a barrier between Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh boasts of getting the major chunk of 87 km of the river.

History

Flowing through the Orchha and Tikamgarh, this river is assumed to have been a part of the rich history associated with these places. These districts saw the reigns of the powerful dynasties Mauryas, Sungas and the Guptas. Covering a catchment area of total 4510 sq km, this river is expected to provide irrigation to an area of almost 1607 sq km, which makes up approximately 49% of its total catchment area. The Bundelkhand area covered by the Jamni River experiences major dearth of water. The Harpura irrigation and the river lake link project are launched by the Madhya Pradesh government to give relief to the people of the Bundelkhand region.

This project aims to link the Jamni River to the other rivers in the area. The river is expected to feed at least 1980 hectares. Further, the water will be used to irrigate dams constructed in Lalitpur district. Dams have been created on the Jamni River including the tributaries Sajnam and Shahzad.

Course

Originating in the Sagar district in Madhya Pradesh Jamni is mainly a rainfed river. This is one of the reasons why the river swells in the monsoon. Simultaneously, the water level decreases in the summer, in the relatively dry region of Bundelkhand region in Madhya Pradesh. This river flowing through Sagar district in Madhya Pradesh enters Lalitpur district in Uttar Pradesh and crosses to Tikamgarh coming back in Madhya Pradesh. In Madhya Pradesh, Jamni meets Betwa near Orchha. To make its way to Lalitpur, Jamni flows through the forests adjacent to the Madapur village. In another 45 km the river flows northwards and moves 6 km to north east as it leaves Mahroni town. Flowing close to the Betwa, the river forms a boundary for 60 km. In Tikamgarh the river forms natural and manually made lakes that are possible mainly due to the smooth and uniform topography of the region.

Tributaries

Shahzad

Being a tributary of the Jamni, Shahzad, joins into the Jamni flowing close to the Hazaria village, Uttar Pradesh. Construction of the Gobind Sagar reservoir through a dam construction across the Jamni River close to the Lalitpur has created the right condition for development in the area. This  district also boasts of the Shahzad Dam, with a height of 18m and a length of 4160 m. This dam built on the river caters to the irrigation needs of almost 16000 hectares. To facilitate easy irrigation, a canal covering a distance of 44 km has been built.

Sajnam

The Sajnam River merging into Jamni at Chandawali, is confined by a dam at Lalitpur. This dam irrigates apparently 7145 hectares. This dam was inaugurated in  1990 and since then the region has experienced major bouts of development.

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